{"id":8103,"date":"2025-11-26T06:45:51","date_gmt":"2025-11-26T06:45:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/sgs\/?p=8103"},"modified":"2025-11-26T06:47:20","modified_gmt":"2025-11-26T06:47:20","slug":"teachers-pedagogical-content-knowledge-on-learners-mathematical-competencies-in-junior-schools-in-bungoma-county-kenya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/sgs\/teachers-pedagogical-content-knowledge-on-learners-mathematical-competencies-in-junior-schools-in-bungoma-county-kenya\/","title":{"rendered":"Teachers\u2019 Pedagogical Content Knowledge on Learners\u2019 Mathematical Competencies in Junior Schools in Bungoma County, Kenya"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"8103\" class=\"elementor elementor-8103\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3720d04f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3720d04f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ac70371\" data-id=\"7ac70371\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-55ab6409 elementor-section-content-bottom elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"55ab6409\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36d7406f\" data-id=\"36d7406f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6b5fd8bf\" data-id=\"6b5fd8bf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-461cfa elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-stretch elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"461cfa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a55b270\" data-id=\"2a55b270\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2304ecb1 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2304ecb1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-35a77ae8\" data-id=\"35a77ae8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3888e267 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3888e267\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Student\u2019s Name: <br>\nJanet Tuya  Pembere<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-423adfc2\" data-id=\"423adfc2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27f63a2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"27f63a2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Supervisors:<br>\n1.\tDr. Edwin Masibo<br>\n2.\tDr. Christine Nabwire\n\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-70afd60f\" data-id=\"70afd60f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-636c6ec4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"636c6ec4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Masters of Education in Curriculum and Instruction<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-59af33dc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"59af33dc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-226196f9\" data-id=\"226196f9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b6056f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6b6056f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d8c97b2\" data-id=\"7d8c97b2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-64bd2ca4 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"64bd2ca4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-749d4134\" data-id=\"749d4134\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5eb672b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5eb672b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ABSTRACT<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-105eab94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"105eab94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Education is a critical equalizer, and every learner deserves quality, differentiated instruction. Kenya\u2019s Competency-Based Education (CBE) aims to nurture holistic learners equipped with problem-solving, critical thinking, and other essential competencies. However, the effectiveness of CBE depends heavily on Teachers&#8217; Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK)\u2014their ability to tailor instruction to diverse learners while mastering subject matter. Despite its importance, little research has examined how PCK influences competency development in junior schools, particularly in rural settings like Webuye. This study bridges that gap by investigating the relationship between teachers\u2019 PCK and learners\u2019 achievement in problem-solving and critical thinking within Webuye-East and Webuye-West sub-counties. The study was guided by four objectives: assessing the level of PCK of mathematics teacher, determining the relationship between PCK and learners\u2019 problem-solving and critical thinking competencies, and identifying contextual challenges affecting PCK application. Grounded in Vygotsky\u2019s Social Interaction Theory, the research employed a descriptive survey design. The target population included heads of institution, mathematics teachers, Grade 8 learners from all 149 junior schools in the two sub-counties. A sample of 686 respondents was selected by simple random sampling to obtain 373 learners, 206 mathematics teachers and 107 head of institutions. Data was collected via questionnaires, interviews, learner assessment tests, and lesson observations. Validity was ensured through expert review, and reliability was confirmed using Cronbach\u2019s alpha (\u03b1 &gt; 0.7). Findings revealed that teachers possessed a high level of PCK (<em>M<\/em> = 4.2, <em>SD<\/em> = 0.5 on a 5-point scale). A Pearson correlation analysis showed a moderate positive relationship between PCK and critical thinking (r = 0.38, p = 0.015) and a weaker but significant correlation with problem-solving (r = 0.23, p = 0.022), leading to rejection of the null hypotheses. However, contextual challenges hindered PCK effectiveness, including resource shortages (78% of schools lacked manipulatives), infrastructure gaps (65% had overcrowded classrooms), and limited professional development (only 55% of teachers had been retooled). The study concludes that while PCK enhances competency-based learning, systemic barriers limit its impact.The study recommend that: Continuous\u00a0 retooling to enhance teacher PCK that leads to improvement in achievement of learners\u2019 problem solving and critical thinking competencies, Enhancing PCK by adopting new technology that supports learner development of critical thinking competence and the Education stakeholders and the Ministry to provide resources for enhancement of teacher capacity, infrastructure in schools for better learner outcome. These findings benefit the Ministry of Education in policy making, teacher trainers in curriculum reviews, and schools in optimizing instructional practices.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-20c0c371 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"20c0c371\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6eba91b2\" data-id=\"6eba91b2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Student\u2019s Name: Janet Tuya Pembere Supervisors: 1. Dr. Edwin Masibo 2. Dr. Christine Nabwire Masters of Education in Curriculum and Instruction ABSTRACT Education is a critical equalizer, and every learner deserves quality, differentiated instruction. Kenya\u2019s Competency-Based Education (CBE) aims to nurture holistic learners equipped with problem-solving, critical thinking, and other essential competencies. However, the effectiveness [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-theses"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Teachers\u2019 Pedagogical Content Knowledge on Learners\u2019 Mathematical Competencies in Junior Schools in Bungoma County, Kenya - School of Graduate Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/sgs\/teachers-pedagogical-content-knowledge-on-learners-mathematical-competencies-in-junior-schools-in-bungoma-county-kenya\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Teachers\u2019 Pedagogical Content Knowledge on Learners\u2019 Mathematical Competencies in Junior Schools in Bungoma County, Kenya - School of Graduate Studies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Student\u2019s Name: Janet Tuya Pembere Supervisors: 1. Dr. Edwin Masibo 2. Dr. Christine Nabwire Masters of Education in Curriculum and Instruction ABSTRACT Education is a critical equalizer, and every learner deserves quality, differentiated instruction. Kenya\u2019s Competency-Based Education (CBE) aims to nurture holistic learners equipped with problem-solving, critical thinking, and other essential competencies. 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Dr. Edwin Masibo 2. Dr. Christine Nabwire Masters of Education in Curriculum and Instruction ABSTRACT Education is a critical equalizer, and every learner deserves quality, differentiated instruction. Kenya\u2019s Competency-Based Education (CBE) aims to nurture holistic learners equipped with problem-solving, critical thinking, and other essential competencies. 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