{"id":7566,"date":"2025-02-26T09:19:09","date_gmt":"2025-02-26T09:19:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scai.kibu.ac.ke\/?p=7566"},"modified":"2025-12-24T01:06:03","modified_gmt":"2025-12-24T01:06:03","slug":"technology-enabled-self-directed-learning-in-developing-countries-adoption-framework","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/technology-enabled-self-directed-learning-in-developing-countries-adoption-framework\/","title":{"rendered":"Technology-Enabled Self-directed Learning in Developing countries: Adoption Framework"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"7566\" class=\"elementor elementor-7566\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-553b4f30 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-stretch elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"553b4f30\" data-element_type=\"section\" id=\"ourgoal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3487a19a\" data-id=\"3487a19a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27ace16e elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"27ace16e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Technology-Enabled Self-directed Learning in Developing countries: Adoption Framework<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bb44254 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"bb44254\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-31d90a10\" data-id=\"31d90a10\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7b7a867 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7b7a867\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2590d521 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"2590d521\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49a06f4d elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"49a06f4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2022<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9195011 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"9195011\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-603d5379 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"603d5379\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">KIBU Authors<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-280e09a3 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"280e09a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Prof. Samuel Mbugua<\/p><p>Peters I Anselemo<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-45723161 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"45723161\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e3b1a29 elementor-tablet-align-left elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5e3b1a29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-shrink\" href=\"https:\/\/ijcat.com\/archieve\/volume11\/issue4\/ijcatr11041003.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-277e1dc2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"277e1dc2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ea07b65 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"4ea07b65\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fea94e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2fea94e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Abstract<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-157e2e63 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"157e2e63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>: 21st century-learning approach is characterized by self-directedness and the ability to learn anytime, anywhere. Self-directed learning heavily depends on Technology to be effective. Most universities were used to conventional face-to-face learning, but uncertainties like the covid-19 pandemic have challenged this teaching and learning mode, thus pushing universities to explore innovative learning approaches to ensure seamless learning. One such approach is Technology-enhanced self-directed learning. Most developed countries are endowed with enabling infrastructure to actualize this learning approach. However, most developing countries like Kenya are still struggling to adopt self-directed learning due to technological, organizational, and environmental challenges. A framework is needed to guide its adoption. A survey research design using an online questionnaire with a sample size of 572 was used. Four Kenyan public university students participated in the study. Data was collected and analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis. Principle component analysis extracted seven factors explaining a total variance of 62.5%. The factors were renamed based on a shared theme, and the average factor loading for each construct was calculated. A percentage weight of each construct was also calculated. Key factors forming the constructs of Technology-enhanced self-directed learning were: E-learning infrastructure, bring your own device policy, Connectivity infrastructure, ICT Competencies, Information security, demographic factors, and laptop ownership program<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2022 KIBU Authors Prof. Samuel Mbugua Peters I Anselemo VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE Abstract : 21st century-learning approach is characterized by self-directedness and the ability to learn anytime, anywhere. Self-directed learning heavily depends on Technology to be effective. Most universities were used to conventional face-to-face learning, but uncertainties like the covid-19 pandemic have challenged this [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7566","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research-list"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Technology-Enabled Self-directed Learning in Developing countries: Adoption Framework - School of Computing &amp; Informatics<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/technology-enabled-self-directed-learning-in-developing-countries-adoption-framework\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Technology-Enabled Self-directed Learning in Developing countries: Adoption Framework - School of Computing &amp; Informatics\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"2022 KIBU Authors Prof. Samuel Mbugua Peters I Anselemo VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE Abstract : 21st century-learning approach is characterized by self-directedness and the ability to learn anytime, anywhere. 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