{"id":7255,"date":"2025-02-25T11:47:38","date_gmt":"2025-02-25T11:47:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scai.kibu.ac.ke\/?p=7255"},"modified":"2025-12-24T02:30:23","modified_gmt":"2025-12-24T02:30:23","slug":"internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/","title":{"rendered":"Internet and Social Media Technologies Philosophical Foundations and Implications to Inclusivity and Exclusivity in Society"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Internet and Social Media Technologies Philosophical Foundations and Implications to Inclusivity and Exclusivity in Society<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

2023<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

KIBU Authors<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Prof. Franklin Wabwoba<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Abstract<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

The Internet as loosely defined, is a network of networks (Kumar & Deepa, 2015). Behind these networks are many social and economic opportunities that have become key enablers on many fronts. It is through the Internet that social media has become a possibility and whose use has directly or indirectly led to either the inclusion or exclusion of individuals from one or more aspects of social life. With inclusion, the use of social media has ensured that individuals have equal opportunities, access to resources and chances of participation regardless of their background and location. On the other hand, in exclusivity, social media or the Internet denies some of its users a chance to be part of the bigger picture due to one or more reasons. This paper does a systematic review of the literature on the Internet, what it is and the different theories that seek to explain its originality or existence. The paper also reviews social media as a product of the Internet and how it has been used to enhance inclusivity and exclusivity in the same measure. It further discusses some of the contributions social media has made to societies as well as how it has been used to enhance inclusion and exclusion. With examples, the paper shows how social media has been incorporated and become part of our normal life. Lastly, it summarizes some of the strategies that can be implemented to minimize exclusion and how society plays a pivotal role in achieving this.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2023 KIBU Authors Prof. Franklin Wabwoba VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE Abstract The Internet as loosely defined, is a network of networks (Kumar & Deepa, 2015). Behind these networks are many social and economic opportunities that have become key enablers on many fronts. It is through the Internet that social media has become a possibility and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7255","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research-list"],"yoast_head":"\nInternet and Social Media Technologies Philosophical Foundations and Implications to Inclusivity and Exclusivity in Society - School of Computing & Informatics<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Internet and Social Media Technologies Philosophical Foundations and Implications to Inclusivity and Exclusivity in Society - School of Computing & Informatics\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"2023 KIBU Authors Prof. Franklin Wabwoba VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE Abstract The Internet as loosely defined, is a network of networks (Kumar & Deepa, 2015). Behind these networks are many social and economic opportunities that have become key enablers on many fronts. It is through the Internet that social media has become a possibility and […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"School of Computing & Informatics\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-02-25T11:47:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-24T02:30:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"kibabii\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"kibabii\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"kibabii\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#\/schema\/person\/f24ef483cba6d32518303e5d7f89741d\"},\"headline\":\"Internet and Social Media Technologies Philosophical Foundations and Implications to Inclusivity and Exclusivity in Society\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-02-25T11:47:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-24T02:30:23+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/\"},\"wordCount\":271,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Research List\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/\",\"name\":\"Internet and Social Media Technologies Philosophical Foundations and Implications to Inclusivity and Exclusivity in Society - School of Computing & Informatics\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-02-25T11:47:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-24T02:30:23+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"School Publications\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/school-publications\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Internet and Social Media Technologies Philosophical Foundations and Implications to Inclusivity and Exclusivity in Society\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/\",\"name\":\"School of Computing & Informatics\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#organization\",\"name\":\"School of Computing & Informatics\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/KIbabii-Logo-1024x923-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/KIbabii-Logo-1024x923-1.png\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":923,\"caption\":\"School of Computing & Informatics\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#\/schema\/person\/f24ef483cba6d32518303e5d7f89741d\",\"name\":\"kibabii\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d1290ba6f5d0e2707a88baa0e2f5a00b8214d0c1dce43336da834b265d51f88f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d1290ba6f5d0e2707a88baa0e2f5a00b8214d0c1dce43336da834b265d51f88f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"kibabii\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/author\/kibabii\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Internet and Social Media Technologies Philosophical Foundations and Implications to Inclusivity and Exclusivity in Society - School of Computing & Informatics","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Internet and Social Media Technologies Philosophical Foundations and Implications to Inclusivity and Exclusivity in Society - School of Computing & Informatics","og_description":"2023 KIBU Authors Prof. Franklin Wabwoba VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE Abstract The Internet as loosely defined, is a network of networks (Kumar & Deepa, 2015). Behind these networks are many social and economic opportunities that have become key enablers on many fronts. It is through the Internet that social media has become a possibility and […]","og_url":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/","og_site_name":"School of Computing & Informatics","article_published_time":"2025-02-25T11:47:38+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-12-24T02:30:23+00:00","author":"kibabii","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"kibabii","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/"},"author":{"name":"kibabii","@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#\/schema\/person\/f24ef483cba6d32518303e5d7f89741d"},"headline":"Internet and Social Media Technologies Philosophical Foundations and Implications to Inclusivity and Exclusivity in Society","datePublished":"2025-02-25T11:47:38+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-24T02:30:23+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/"},"wordCount":271,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Research List"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/","url":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/","name":"Internet and Social Media Technologies Philosophical Foundations and Implications to Inclusivity and Exclusivity in Society - School of Computing & Informatics","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-02-25T11:47:38+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-24T02:30:23+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/internet-and-social-media-technologies-philosophical-foundations-and-implications-to-inclusivity-and-exclusivity-in-society\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"School Publications","item":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/school-publications\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Internet and Social Media Technologies Philosophical Foundations and Implications to Inclusivity and Exclusivity in Society"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#website","url":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/","name":"School of Computing & Informatics","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#organization","name":"School of Computing & Informatics","url":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/KIbabii-Logo-1024x923-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/KIbabii-Logo-1024x923-1.png","width":1024,"height":923,"caption":"School of Computing & Informatics"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#\/schema\/person\/f24ef483cba6d32518303e5d7f89741d","name":"kibabii","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d1290ba6f5d0e2707a88baa0e2f5a00b8214d0c1dce43336da834b265d51f88f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d1290ba6f5d0e2707a88baa0e2f5a00b8214d0c1dce43336da834b265d51f88f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"kibabii"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai"],"url":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/author\/kibabii\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7255"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7255\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11462,"href":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7255\/revisions\/11462"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7255"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7255"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/scai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}