{"id":5338,"date":"2025-06-30T13:17:04","date_gmt":"2025-06-30T13:17:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fs.kibu.ac.ke\/?p=5338"},"modified":"2025-12-26T22:39:43","modified_gmt":"2025-12-26T22:39:43","slug":"mitigation-measures-adopted-by-small-scale-maize-farmers-to-the-effects-of-rainfall-variability-on-maize-production","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/fs\/mitigation-measures-adopted-by-small-scale-maize-farmers-to-the-effects-of-rainfall-variability-on-maize-production\/","title":{"rendered":"Mitigation Measures Adopted by Small Scale Maize Farmers to the Effects of Rainfall Variability on Maize Production"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5338\" class=\"elementor elementor-5338\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-568106ff elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-stretch elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"568106ff\" data-element_type=\"section\" id=\"ourgoal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4bd2311\" data-id=\"4bd2311\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-719f9123 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"719f9123\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mitigation Measures Adopted by Small Scale Maize Farmers to the Effects of Rainfall Variability on Maize Production<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f44bac2 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"f44bac2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e850142\" data-id=\"3e850142\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-10200afe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"10200afe\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-264e65dc elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"264e65dc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-708e6eb5 elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"708e6eb5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2024<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ab60990 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"2ab60990\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c246e7d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4c246e7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">KIBU Authors<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28751e6b elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28751e6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>George Tom Ekisa<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5125c825 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"5125c825\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-433cdb8f elementor-tablet-align-left elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"433cdb8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-shrink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.irejournals.com\/paper-details\/1706228\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-294f5f4a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"294f5f4a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-64f5fd24 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"64f5fd24\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64dc533e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"64dc533e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Abstract<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35adcb70 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35adcb70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Small-scale maize farmers often face challenges due to rainfall variability, which can impact maize production. To mitigate the effects of such variability, farmers adopt various measures to enhance resilience and improve overall productivity. It is on this premise that this study sought to establish the intervention strategies among the small-scale farmers in Endebess Sub County between 2008-2018. The study was based on 330 maize farmers in wards namely; Chepchoina, Matumbei and Endebess. Primary data was obtained from randomly selected farmers through questionnaires, while secondary data on rainfalls and maize production yields was collected from Kitale Meteorological Departments and Endebess Sub-County Ministry of Agriculture offices respectively between 2008-2018. The data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22 and Precipitations Concentration Index (PCI) values. The finding found that there was a positive relationship between rainfall variability and maize yields. The County government should put measures and policies that are aimed at protecting the forest cover. Forests help reduce the amount of carbon gas in the atmosphere, which is the main cause of climate change that normally led to rainfall variability effects. The related problems of rainfall anomalies are food insecurity, reduction of yield and increase of pest and diseases.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2024 KIBU Authors George Tom Ekisa VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE Abstract Small-scale maize farmers often face challenges due to rainfall variability, which can impact maize production. To mitigate the effects of such variability, farmers adopt various measures to enhance resilience and improve overall productivity. It is on this premise that this study sought to establish [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research-list"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Mitigation Measures Adopted by Small Scale Maize Farmers to the Effects of Rainfall Variability on Maize Production - Faculty of Science<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/fs\/mitigation-measures-adopted-by-small-scale-maize-farmers-to-the-effects-of-rainfall-variability-on-maize-production\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mitigation Measures Adopted by Small Scale Maize Farmers to the Effects of Rainfall Variability on Maize Production - Faculty of Science\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"2024 KIBU Authors George Tom Ekisa VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE Abstract Small-scale maize farmers often face challenges due to rainfall variability, which can impact maize production. 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