{"id":5103,"date":"2025-06-25T07:53:34","date_gmt":"2025-06-25T07:53:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fs.kibu.ac.ke\/?p=5103"},"modified":"2025-12-26T23:22:05","modified_gmt":"2025-12-26T23:22:05","slug":"gamma-ray-spectrometric-determination-and-multivariate-analysis-of-radionuclide-fluxes-in-shore-sediment-at-port-victoria-kenya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/fs\/gamma-ray-spectrometric-determination-and-multivariate-analysis-of-radionuclide-fluxes-in-shore-sediment-at-port-victoria-kenya\/","title":{"rendered":"Gamma-Ray Spectrometric Determination And Multivariate Analysis Of Radionuclide Fluxes In Shore Sediment At Port Victoria, Kenya"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5103\" class=\"elementor elementor-5103\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-78ba411d elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-stretch elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"78ba411d\" data-element_type=\"section\" id=\"ourgoal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e9b7f20\" data-id=\"1e9b7f20\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32529d86 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"32529d86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gamma-Ray Spectrometric Determination And Multivariate Analysis Of Radionuclide Fluxes In Shore Sediment At Port Victoria, Kenya<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6aaa4eb elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"6aaa4eb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2fce5760\" data-id=\"2fce5760\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-206c9fb0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"206c9fb0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ea940fa elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"5ea940fa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78b687ad elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"78b687ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2019<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7fef7b35 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"7fef7b35\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-303afa9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"303afa9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">KIBU Authors<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf6a349 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bf6a349\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nakitare M. Waswa<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-399769ba elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"399769ba\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72e64214 elementor-tablet-align-left elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"72e64214\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-shrink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jmest.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/JMESTN42352816.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d4c951d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d4c951d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7909dd3f elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"7909dd3f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35d24a6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"35d24a6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Abstract<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a4d7f7f elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a4d7f7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Increased human and industrial activities discharge effluents containing TENORM while geological processes results to NORM directly onto land and in water bodies in L. Victoria basin. River Nzoia is the largest river draining the basin and forms an integral part of the lake shoreline at Port Victoria. In this study, bottom sediments from the shoreline at Port Victoria were sampled and analyzed for radionuclide activity using NaI(Tl) and chemometric techniques; principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The mean concentration levels of the radionuclides K-40, U-232 and Th-232 were 523.21\u00b126.53, 66.23\u00b18.55 and 76.23\u00b17.32 Bq\/kg which were found to be above the world wide accepted average values of 420, 33 and 45Bq\/kg respectively. PCA performed on the measured data indicates that U-238 and Pb-214 are mostly TENORM while Th-232, K-40 and Ac-228 as mostly NORM. HCA apportioned applied fertilizers and oil spills in the Lake basin is the main source of U-238 and Pb-214 while Th-232, Ac-228 and K-40 to be mostly from the geological weathering of the igneous and sedimentary rocks that characterize the Victoria catchment. Through biomagnifications and associated food chains in the aquatic system, radionuclides directly or indirectly ionize the living cells of humans causing somatic effects hence an urgent need to control pollution by radionuclides in the Lake Victoria basin is called for in this study.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2019 KIBU Authors Nakitare M. Waswa VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE Abstract Increased human and industrial activities discharge effluents containing TENORM while geological processes results to NORM directly onto land and in water bodies in L. Victoria basin. River Nzoia is the largest river draining the basin and forms an integral part of the lake shoreline [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research-list"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Gamma-Ray Spectrometric Determination And Multivariate Analysis Of Radionuclide Fluxes In Shore Sediment At Port Victoria, Kenya - Faculty of Science<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kibu.ac.ke\/fs\/gamma-ray-spectrometric-determination-and-multivariate-analysis-of-radionuclide-fluxes-in-shore-sediment-at-port-victoria-kenya\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gamma-Ray Spectrometric Determination And Multivariate Analysis Of Radionuclide Fluxes In Shore Sediment At Port Victoria, Kenya - Faculty of Science\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"2019 KIBU Authors Nakitare M. Waswa VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE Abstract Increased human and industrial activities discharge effluents containing TENORM while geological processes results to NORM directly onto land and in water bodies in L. Victoria basin. 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Waswa VIEW ON PUBLISHER SITE Abstract Increased human and industrial activities discharge effluents containing TENORM while geological processes results to NORM directly onto land and in water bodies in L. Victoria basin. 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